The term 'Overcast' was the name first given by the German scientists' family members for the housing camp where they were held in Bavaria. Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) established the first secret recruitment program, called Operation Overcast, on July 20, 1945, initially 'to assist in shortening the Japanese war and to aid our postwar military research'. The Enemy Personnel Exploitation Section established a detention center, DUSTBIN, first in Paris and later in Kransberg Castle outside Frankfurt. When large numbers of German scientists began to be discovered in late April, Special Sections Subdivision set up the Enemy Personnel Exploitation Section to manage and interrogate them. T-Force examined 5,000 German targets with a high priority on synthetic rubber and oil catalysts, new designs in armored equipment, V-2 (rocket) weapons, jet and rocket propelled aircraft, naval equipment, field radios, secret writing chemicals, aero medicine research, gliders, and 'scientific and industrial personalities'. In February 1945, Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF) set up T-Force, or Special Sections Subdivision, which grew to over 2,000 personnel by June. Many of these personnel were former members and some were former leaders of the Nazi Party. Conducted by the Joint Intelligence Objectives Agency (JIOA), it was largely carried out by special agents of the U.S. for government employment after the end of World War II in Europe, between 19.

Operation Paperclip was a secret United States intelligence program in which more than 1,600 German scientists, engineers, and technicians were taken from the former Nazi Germany to the U.S. Johnson in 1962 at a briefing at Blockhouse 34, Cape Canaveral Missile Test Annex Debus, a former V-2 rocket scientist who became a NASA director, sitting between U.S.

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